diff --git a/internal/app/engine.go b/internal/app/engine.go
index a269cd8..34fbaaf 100644
--- a/internal/app/engine.go
+++ b/internal/app/engine.go
@@ -81,6 +81,8 @@ type EngineStats struct {
 	MaxGenerateMs               float64             `json:"maxGenerateMs,omitempty"`
 	MaxUpsampleMs               float64             `json:"maxUpsampleMs,omitempty"`
 	MaxWriteMs                  float64             `json:"maxWriteMs,omitempty"`
+	MaxQueueResidenceMs         float64             `json:"maxQueueResidenceMs,omitempty"`
+	MaxPipelineLatencyMs        float64             `json:"maxPipelineLatencyMs,omitempty"`
 	Queue                       output.QueueStats   `json:"queue"`
 	RuntimeIndicator            RuntimeIndicator    `json:"runtimeIndicator"`
 	RuntimeAlert                string              `json:"runtimeAlert,omitempty"`
@@ -152,6 +154,8 @@ type Engine struct {
 	maxGenerateNs       atomic.Uint64
 	maxUpsampleNs       atomic.Uint64
 	maxWriteNs          atomic.Uint64
+	maxQueueResidenceNs atomic.Uint64
+	maxPipelineNs       atomic.Uint64
 	lastError           atomic.Value // string
 	lastFault           atomic.Value // *FaultEvent
 	faultHistoryMu      sync.Mutex
@@ -429,6 +433,8 @@ func (e *Engine) Stats() EngineStats {
 		MaxGenerateMs:               durationMs(e.maxGenerateNs.Load()),
 		MaxUpsampleMs:               durationMs(e.maxUpsampleNs.Load()),
 		MaxWriteMs:                  durationMs(e.maxWriteNs.Load()),
+		MaxQueueResidenceMs:         durationMs(e.maxQueueResidenceNs.Load()),
+		MaxPipelineLatencyMs:        durationMs(e.maxPipelineNs.Load()),
 		Queue:                       queue,
 		RuntimeIndicator:            ri,
 		RuntimeAlert:                runtimeAlert(queue.Health, hasRecentLateBuffers),
@@ -515,6 +521,7 @@ func (e *Engine) run(ctx context.Context) {
 		updateMaxDuration(&e.maxUpsampleNs, upDur)
 
 		enqueued := cloneFrame(frame)
+		enqueued.EnqueuedAt = time.Now()
 		if enqueued == nil {
 			e.lastError.Store("engine: frame clone failed")
 			e.underruns.Add(1)
@@ -558,26 +565,35 @@ func (e *Engine) writerLoop(ctx context.Context) {
 			continue
 		}
 
+		frame.DequeuedAt = time.Now()
+		queueResidence := time.Duration(0)
+		if !frame.EnqueuedAt.IsZero() {
+			queueResidence = frame.DequeuedAt.Sub(frame.EnqueuedAt)
+		}
+
 		writeStart := time.Now()
+		frame.WriteStartedAt = writeStart
 		n, err := e.driver.Write(ctx, frame)
 		writeDur := time.Since(writeStart)
 
-		cycleDur := writeDur
+		pipelineLatency := writeDur
 		if !frame.GeneratedAt.IsZero() {
-			cycleDur = time.Since(frame.GeneratedAt)
+			pipelineLatency = time.Since(frame.GeneratedAt)
 		}
 
 		updateMaxDuration(&e.maxWriteNs, writeDur)
-		updateMaxDuration(&e.maxCycleNs, cycleDur)
+		updateMaxDuration(&e.maxQueueResidenceNs, queueResidence)
+		updateMaxDuration(&e.maxPipelineNs, pipelineLatency)
+		updateMaxDuration(&e.maxCycleNs, writeDur)
 		queueStats := e.frameQueue.Stats()
 		e.evaluateRuntimeState(queueStats, e.hasRecentLateBuffers())
 
-		if cycleDur > e.chunkDuration {
+		if writeDur > e.chunkDuration {
 			late := e.lateBuffers.Add(1)
 			e.lateBufferAlertAt.Store(uint64(time.Now().UnixNano()))
 			if late <= 5 || late%20 == 0 {
-				log.Printf("TX LATE: cycle=%s budget=%s write=%s over=%s",
-					cycleDur, e.chunkDuration, writeDur, cycleDur-e.chunkDuration)
+				log.Printf("TX LATE: write=%s budget=%s over=%s queueResidence=%s pipeline=%s",
+					writeDur, e.chunkDuration, writeDur-e.chunkDuration, queueResidence, pipelineLatency)
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -607,11 +623,14 @@ func cloneFrame(src *output.CompositeFrame) *output.CompositeFrame {
 	samples := make([]output.IQSample, len(src.Samples))
 	copy(samples, src.Samples)
 	return &output.CompositeFrame{
-		Samples:      samples,
-		SampleRateHz: src.SampleRateHz,
-		Timestamp:    src.Timestamp,
-		GeneratedAt:  src.GeneratedAt,
-		Sequence:     src.Sequence,
+		Samples:        samples,
+		SampleRateHz:   src.SampleRateHz,
+		Timestamp:      src.Timestamp,
+		GeneratedAt:    src.GeneratedAt,
+		EnqueuedAt:     src.EnqueuedAt,
+		DequeuedAt:     src.DequeuedAt,
+		WriteStartedAt: src.WriteStartedAt,
+		Sequence:       src.Sequence,
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/internal/output/backend.go b/internal/output/backend.go
index bbc0171..94fb3c8 100644
--- a/internal/output/backend.go
+++ b/internal/output/backend.go
@@ -16,11 +16,14 @@ type IQSample struct {
 
 // CompositeFrame carries a block of MPX/IQ samples along with timing metadata.
 type CompositeFrame struct {
-	Samples      []IQSample
-	SampleRateHz float64
-	Timestamp    time.Time
-	GeneratedAt  time.Time
-	Sequence     uint64
+	Samples       []IQSample
+	SampleRateHz  float64
+	Timestamp     time.Time
+	GeneratedAt   time.Time
+	EnqueuedAt    time.Time
+	DequeuedAt    time.Time
+	WriteStartedAt time.Time
+	Sequence      uint64
 }
 
 // BackendConfig describes the properties for a backend instance.